涉外法律常见问题汇总Cross-border Legal FAQ

可以，而且应该。多数中国供应商愿意就关键条款协商，越早提出越容易。我们可帮你拟修改版本。Yes — and you should. Most Chinese suppliers will negotiate key terms, especially early. We can draft the revisions for you.

不是必须，但跨境买卖中，约定中立地仲裁通常比依赖对方所在地法院更有利执行。Not mandatory, but for cross-border deals a neutral arbitration seat is usually far easier to enforce than the other side's local court.

最典型的是信用证条款与合同不一致，或单据要求过于严苛，导致银行以不符点拒付。The classic trap is L/C terms that diverge from the contract, or impossibly strict documents, leading banks to dishonour on discrepancies.

通常 1–3 个工作日，视合同长度与语言。我们会在首次沟通后给出预计时间。Usually 1–3 business days depending on length and language. We'll give an estimate after the first call.

通常按小时或按项目计费；标准买卖合同审阅多为固定项目报价，首次沟通后给出明确区间，再决定是否委托。Usually billed by the hour or as a fixed project fee; a standard sales-contract review is typically a fixed quote, with a clear range given after the first call before you decide.

建议中英双语并明确约定以某一语言（通常为英文）为准，避免歧义；仅签中文会使境外买方更难理解与举证。We recommend a bilingual contract that states a governing language (often English) to avoid ambiguity; a Chinese-only contract is harder for an overseas buyer to understand and rely on.

取决于金额与风险。即便小额，也可先做关键条款清单自查，或在付款前做一次低成本咨询，排掉最大风险。It depends on value and risk. Even for small orders, a key-clause checklist or a low-cost consult before payment can remove the biggest risks.

若合同无仲裁条款，通常需向中国法院起诉，或通过另有约定的争议解决方式处理。我们可评估你的合同。Without an arbitration clause you'd normally sue in Chinese courts or follow whatever the contract specifies. We can review your contract.

能，但关键是尽早财产保全。若对方在国内有账户或资产，冻结后执行成功率明显提高。Yes, but asset preservation early is decisive. If they hold domestic accounts or assets, freezing them sharply raises recovery odds.

会。中国系《纽约公约》成员国，符合条件的境外仲裁裁决可在境内申请承认与执行。Yes. As a New York Convention member, China recognises and enforces qualifying foreign arbitral awards domestically.

差异很大，取决于金额、证据与路径。我们会在评估后给出区间预估，并按阶段计费。It varies widely with amount, evidence and route. After assessment we give a range estimate and bill by stage.

可以。邮件、订单、聊天记录、付款与物流单证可形成证据链；但举证难度高于书面合同，宜尽早固定。Yes. Emails, purchase orders, chat logs, payment and shipping documents can form an evidence chain; proof is harder than with a written contract, so preserve it early.

一般按阶段（律师函/仲裁/诉讼/保全）计费，评估后给区间；相较可能损失的货款，专业介入常更划算。Usually billed by stage (demand letter / arbitration / litigation / preservation) with a range after assessment; against the goods value at stake, professional help is often cost-effective.

越快越好。注意诉讼时效（一般三年）与证据时效，拖延会增加对方转移资产、证据灭失的风险。As soon as possible. Mind the limitation period (generally three years) and evidence decay; delay raises the risk of hidden assets and lost proof.

不直接。中国实行“先申请”原则，需单独在中国注册才能在境内主张商标权。Not directly. China follows 'first-to-file'; you must register separately in China to assert trademark rights there.

若有明确权属与保密条款，可发函、投诉或起诉；注册外观/专利会显著增强你的立场。With clear ownership and confidentiality clauses you can demand, complain or sue; registered designs/patents strongly strengthen your position.

应事先约定：通常由买方出资并保有所有权，工厂仅有生产使用权，防止被转卖或抵押。Agree upfront: the buyer usually funds and owns the tooling; the factory only has a production licence, preventing resale or pledge.

先固定证据（购买公证、网页存证），再视情况发律师函或向平台/监管部门投诉。First preserve evidence (notarised purchase, web archives), then a demand letter or complaint to the platform/regulator as fit.

商标注册与合同审查多为固定费用，侵权应对按阶段计费；可先就风险点做一次低价评估。Trademark filing and contract review are mostly fixed fees; infringement response is billed by stage — a low-cost risk assessment can come first.

要。保密协议加权属与有限许可条款，是防止工厂泄露或擅用设计的第一道防线。Yes. An NDA plus ownership and limited-licence clauses is the first line of defence against the factory leaking or misusing your design.

可基于在先使用、恶意注册等理由提异议或无效宣告，并尽快自行补注册；评估后选最务实路径。You may oppose or invalidate it based on prior use or bad faith, and file your own registration promptly; pick the most pragmatic route after assessment.